A mammogram is a key imaging tool used to examine breast tissue for abnormalities or changes. Regular screening mammograms can assist in detecting potential issues early. For those unfamiliar with the process, here are answers to common questions about mammograms, outlining what they are, when they are used, how they work, and what to expect during the procedure:
What Is a Mammogram?
A mammogram is a specialized X-ray designed to capture detailed images of the breast tissue. There are two primary types of scans:
- Screening mammograms are a preventative measure for individuals who may not have symptoms. The goal is early detection of any abnormalities.
- Diagnostic mammograms are for when symptoms, such as lumps or unusual changes in the breast, are present. They provide a more detailed view to investigate specific concerns.
Mammograms focus on changes or abnormalities in the breast tissue, such as microcalcifications (tiny mineral deposits) or unusual masses. The results of the screening help healthcare providers analyze whether further testing or follow-up is needed.
Who Should Get a Mammogram?
The timing and frequency of mammograms depend on an individual's age, family history, and overall risk factors. Healthcare providers often recommend routine screening for individuals in a specific age range, though personal medical history may influence this recommendation.
- People with a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors may benefit from earlier or more frequent screening.
- Additional imaging, such as an MRI or ultrasound, may supplement information aquired based on tissue density or other findings.
Healthcare providers assess factors like age, genetic predisposition, and personal medical history to determine the most suitable screening schedule.
How Do Mammograms Work?
Mammograms use low-dose X-rays to produce images of the internal structure of the breasts. During the procedure, the breast is positioned between two plates on a mammography machine to hold it still while the X-rays are taken. This compression spreads out the breast tissue to provide a clearer view and reduce radiation exposure.
Modern advancements in mammography include 3D scans (tomosynthesis), which capture multiple images from different angles. These multi-dimensional views improve clarity and may aid in identifying abnormalities, especially in denser breast tissue. Depending on the imaging technology used, healthcare providers can identify changes that could be indicative of benign or malignant issues.
What Happens During the Procedure?
Although mammograms are typically brief, understanding the process can help reduce any apprehension. The procedure begins with a healthcare professional positioning the breast between two plates on the machine. While the compression may feel uncomfortable, it only lasts a few seconds. During the procedure, multiple images are taken from different angles to enable thorough examination of the breast tissue.
Once the imaging is complete, a radiologist carefully reviews the images, checking for any signs of abnormalities or changes. Results for screenings are usually available within a few days, whereas diagnostic mammograms may provide results on the same day. If the scan identifies areas that require further evaluation, additional imaging or tests may be recommended.
Get a Mammogram
Mammograms play a significant role in breast health by providing detailed imaging to monitor for changes. From understanding the difference between screening and diagnostic scans to knowing what occurs during the procedure, preparing for this imaging process can create a more straightforward experience. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations about when to start getting these scans or how often to schedule them.
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